fessor Wagar recognizes modem Westemnman’s persistent vision of the emergencenof a state of moral perfection onnearth; he seems to be unaware that EricnVoegelin, the political philosopher, hasnalready dealt with the phenomenon, callingnthe attempt to bring about such anstate an act of rebellion against God.nVoegelin labeled the attempt “gnostic,”nand showed how, carried to its ultimatenextreme, it ends up in totalitarian dictatorship.nProfessor Wagar underestimatesnthe significance of the apocalypticnevents, sometimes followed by secularncounterparts of a new heaven and a newnearth, and sometimes not, which havenbeen portrayed by the popular-entertainmentnindustry in this country in recentnyears. Such portrayals feed onngrowing anxieties and eschatologicalnyearnings and cannot be dismissed simplyn(and tendentiously) as the product of anvision of the end of “imperial monopolyncapital and the armed national state.”nEqually easy attitudes characterizenthe writers in general in their treatmentnof secularization. It is as if, artisticallynminded though some of them are, theynhad never wondered about the culturalnimplications of works like ThomasnMann’s Doctor Faustus, a seminal worknthat was inspired by the music of ArnoldnSchonberg; the writer and the musiciannwere perceptive in a manner that fewnare today in the West. The works of bothnartists reflect the spiritual crisis which,nalong with deep anxieties and eschatologicalnlongings of the sort now brewingnin America, produced National Socialism.nThe latter was, in turn, an extreme formnof the gnosticism which, in milder versions,nhas marked secularized Protestantnculture in America for decades and isnnow infiltrating the Catholic Church innthe forms of pacifism and liberation theologynas avant-garde thinkers redirect theirneschatological hope away from the LastnJudgment and heaven and toward earthlynUtopias. In the process they create anwidespread psychological state conducivento the emergence of a radicallyngnostic political movement. About thesenmatters the authors are silent. DnSURVEYnTWO SPECIAL ISSUESnPOLAND UNDERnJARUZELSKInPart I, Vol. 26, No. 3 (116)nPartll, Vol. 26, No. 4(117)nThe “state of war” has been suspended, but the war goesnon. These two special issues of SURVEY on Self-nOccupation and Resistance in Poland provide a vividnpicture of the struggle of the Polish people against thenregime’s attempt to re-impose totalitarian control over ansociety which recovered its sense of identity and freedomnin the period of Solidarity. SURVEY conveys to thenWestern reader an understanding of the issues involved,na feeling of the continuing historical movement, andntelling glimpses of some of the protagonists: Jaruzelski,nRakowski, Urban, Walesa, Bujak, Glemp. It gives anunique insight into the wider implications of Polishndevelopments in terms of East-West relations, andnscrutinizes Western attitudes to them.nIt also contains a sensational Party document which hasnnever been disclosed:nThe Polish Counterpart to Khrushchev’snSecret SpeechnAnnual subscription: UK £17 US $39 Elsewhere £20nSingle copies: UK £5 US $11 Elsewhere £6nSURVEY Editorial office:nIlford House, 133 Oxford Street, London WIR ITDnEnglandn(Tel. 01-734 0592)nSURVEY Subscription Office:n59 St. Martin’s Lane, London WC2 4JS, Englandn(Tel. 01-836 4194)nnnSeptember 1983n